Quantum cryptography a key technology for network security
Dr. Javier Areitio Bertolín and Dr. Ana Areitio Bertolín
This article analyzes and evaluates quantum cryptography, a technology that applies the part of modern physics called quantum mechanics in cryptography using controlled polarized photons, transmitted over fiber optics or wirelessly through the atmosphere or via satellite. . One of the international implementations of quantum cryptography is the DARPA Quantum Network in which BBN Technologies (http//:www.bbn.com), QinetiQ and Harvard and Boston Universities participate, it is based on fiber optics and uses quantum cryptography to protect exchanged communications; It integrates ten nodes and has been operating since 2004 in Massachusetts. Likewise, to protect electronic communications, the last elections of October 21, 2007 in the state of Geneva (Switzerland) used quantum cryptography in the dedicated communications line used to count the votes, for which technology and components were implanted. from the company id Quantique (Geneva-Switzerland; http://www.idquantique.com). Currently, a great growth of this type of technology is observed in many sectors of society where security is a critical requirement to take into account. More and more companies spend resources and have active research programs on security systems based on quantum cryptography such as HP, IBM, Toshiba, Mitsubishi, Siemens, ARC (Austrian Research Center), NEC and NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone of Japan).
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